Given that national parks and other conservation areas only cover a total of 12 to 13% of the Earth's surface, it is clear that these areas alone cannot guarantee the survival of species and ecological communities, even without taking into account the impact of accelerating global change. Therefore, it is essential that land located outside national networks of nature reserves be managed in a way that allows the greatest possible biodiversity to be maintained. The in situ conservation of species found outside protected areas — that is, the majority of species — is a seriously neglected aspect of biodiversity conservation. As a result of global changes, governments and conservation organizations should pay much more attention to this issue. This approach is also referred to as off-reserve management (Hale and Lamb, 1997).